Introduction

This machine is a ride-on, reel-blade lawn mower intended to be used by professional, hired operators in commercial applications. It is primarily designed for cutting grass on well-maintained turf. Using this product for purposes other than its intended use could prove dangerous to you and bystanders.

Read this information carefully to learn how to operate and maintain your product properly and to avoid injury and product damage. You are responsible for operating the product properly and safely.

Visit www.Toro.com for more information, including safety tips, training materials, accessory information, help finding a dealer, or to register your product.

Whenever you need service, genuine Toro parts, or additional information, contact an Authorized Service Dealer or Toro Customer Service and have the model and serial numbers of your product ready. Figure 1 identifies the location of the model and serial numbers on the product. Write the numbers in the space provided.

Important: With your mobile device, you can scan the QR code on the serial number decal (if equipped) to access warranty, parts, and other product information.

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This manual identifies potential hazards and has safety messages identified by the safety-alert symbol (Figure 2), which signals a hazard that may cause serious injury or death if you do not follow the recommended precautions.

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This manual uses 2 words to highlight information. Important calls attention to special mechanical information and Note emphasizes general information worthy of special attention.

This product complies with all relevant European directives; for details, please see the separate product specific Declaration of Conformity (DOC) sheet.

It is a violation of California Public Resource Code Section 4442 or 4443 to use or operate the engine on any forest-covered, brush-covered, or grass-covered land unless the engine is equipped with a spark arrester, as defined in Section 4442, maintained in effective working order or the engine is constructed, equipped, and maintained for the prevention of fire.

The enclosed engine owner's manual is supplied for information regarding the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the California Emission Control Regulation of emission systems, maintenance, and warranty. Replacements may be ordered through the engine manufacturer.

Warning

CALIFORNIA

Proposition 65 Warning

Diesel engine exhaust and some of its constituents are known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, and other reproductive harm.

Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

Use of this product may cause exposure to chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm.

Safety

This machine has been designed in accordance with EN ISO 5395 (when you complete the setup procedures) and ANSI B71.4-2017.

General Safety

This product is capable of amputating hands and feet and of throwing objects.

  • Read and understand the contents of this Operator’s Manual before starting the engine.

  • Use your full attention while operating the machine. Do not engage in any activity that causes distractions; otherwise, injury or property damage may occur.

  • Do not put your hands or feet near moving components of the machine.

  • Do not operate the machine without all guards and other safety protective devices in place and functioning properly on the machine.

  • Keep bystanders and children out of the operating area. Never allow children to operate the machine.

  • Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all movement to stop before you leave the operator’s position. Allow the machine to cool before adjusting, servicing, cleaning, or storing it.

Improperly using or maintaining this machine can result in injury. To reduce the potential for injury, comply with these safety instructions and always pay attention to the safety-alert symbol Graphic, which means Caution, Warning, or Danger—personal safety instruction. Failure to comply with these instructions may result in personal injury or death.

Engine-Emission Certification

The engine in this machine is EPA Tier 4 Final and EU Stage V emissions compliant.

Safety and Instructional Decals

Graphic

Safety decals and instructions are easily visible to the operator and are located near any area of potential danger. Replace any decal that is damaged or missing.

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Model 03910

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Models 03820 and 03821

Affix over Part No. 120-1683 for CE

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Model 03910

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Models 03820 and 03821

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Setup

Note: Determine the left and right sides of the machine from the normal operating position.

Installing the Cutting Units

Parts needed for this procedure:

Right hose guide (Models 03820 and 03821)1
Left hose guide (Models 03820 and 03821)1

Preparing the Machine and Cutting Units

  1. Park the machine on a level surface, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

  2. Remove the reel motors from the shipping brackets.

  3. Remove and discard the shipping brackets.

  4. Remove the cutting units from the cartons. Assemble and adjust them as described in the cutting unit Operator's Manual.

  5. Make sure that the counterweight (Figure 3) is installed to the proper end of the cutting unit as described in the cutting unit Operator's Manual.

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Positioning the Turf Compensating Spring

All the cutting units are shipped with the turf compensation spring mounted at the right side of the cutting unit. Ensure that the turf compensation spring is mounted to the same side of the cutting unit as the reel drive motor.

Note: When installing or removing the cutting units, make sure that the hairpin cotter is installed in the spring rod hole next to the rod bracket. Otherwise, install the hairpin cotter in the hole in the end of the rod.

  1. Remove the 2 carriage bolts and nuts securing the rod bracket to the cutting unit tabs (Figure 4).

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  2. Remove the flange nut securing the spring tube bolt to the carrier frame tab (Figure 4), and remove the assembly.

  3. Mount the spring tube bolt to the opposite tab on the carrier frame and secure it with the flange nut.

    Note: Position the bolt head to the outer side of the tab as shown in Figure 4.

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  4. Mount the rod bracket to the cutting unit tabs with the carriage bolts and nuts (Figure 5).

Installing the Hose Guide

Models 03820 and 03821

On cutting unit 4 (left front) and cutting unit 5 (right front), use the rod-bracket mounting nuts to install the hose guides to the front of the cutting-unit tabs. The hose guides should lean toward the center cutting unit (Figure 6, Figure 7, and Figure 8).

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Aligning the Cutting Units to the Lift Arms

All Front Cutting Units, and Any Rear Cutting Units with a 1.2 cm (3/4 inch) or Lower Height of Cut
  1. Lower all the lift arms completely.

  2. Remove the snapper pin and the cap from the lift-arm pivot yoke (Figure 9).

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  3. For the front cutting units, slide a cutting unit under the lift arm while inserting the carrier frame shaft up into the lift-arm pivot yoke (Figure 10).

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Aligning the Rear Cutting Units to the Lift Arms

Cutting Units adjusted for a 1.2 cm (3/4 inch) or Higher Height of Cut
  1. Remove the lynch pin and washer securing the lift-arm pivot shaft to the lift arm and slide the lift-arm pivot shaft out of the lift arm (Figure 11).

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  2. Insert the lift-arm yoke onto the carrier frame shaft (Figure 10).

  3. Insert the lift-arm shaft into the lift arm and secure it with the washer and lynch pin (Figure 11).

Assembling the Cutting Units to the Lift Arms

  1. Insert the cap over the carrier frame shaft and lift-arm yoke.

  2. Secure the cap and the carrier frame shaft to the lift-arm yoke with the snapper pin.

    Note: Use the slot if a steering cutting unit is desired or use the hole if the cutting unit is to be locked in position (Figure 9).

  3. Secure the lift-arm chain to the chain bracket with the snapper pin (Figure 12).

    Note: Use the number of chain links specified in the cutting unit Operator's Manual.

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Installing the Reel Motors

  1. Coat the spline shaft of the reel motor with clean grease.

  2. Lubricate the reel-motor O-ring with oil, and install it onto the motor flange.

  3. Install the motor by rotating it clockwise so that the motor flanges clear the locknuts (Figure 13).

    Important: Ensure that the reel motor hoses are not twisted, kinked, or at risk of being pinched.

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  4. Rotate the motor counterclockwise until the flanges encircle the nuts.

  5. Torque the nuts to 37 to 45 N∙m (27 to 33 ft-lb).

Adjusting the Turf Compensation Spring

The turf compensation spring (Figure 14) transfers weight from the front to the rear roller. This helps to reduce a wave pattern in the turf, also known as marcelling or bobbing.

Important: Make spring adjustments with the cutting unit mounted to the traction unit, pointing straight ahead and lowered to the shop floor.

  1. Make sure that the hairpin cotter is installed in the rear hole in the spring rod (Figure 14).

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  2. Tighten the hex nuts on the front end of the spring rod until the compressed length of the spring (Figure 14) is 12.7 cm (5 inches) for 5-inch cutting units and 15.8 cm (6-1/4 inches) for 7-inch cutting units.

    Note: When operating on rough terrain, decrease the spring length by 2.5 cm (1/2 inch). Ground following will be slightly decreased.

Installing the CE Decals

Parts needed for this procedure:

Warning decal 121-7928 (machine model 03910)1
Warning decal 138-1186 (machine models 03820 and 03821)1
CE decal1
Production year decal1

On machines requiring CE compliance, apply the production year decal (Part No. 133-5615) near the serial plate, the CE decal (Part No. 93-7252) near the hood lock, and the CE warning decal (Part No. 121-7928 for machine model 03910 and Part No. 138-1186 for machine models 03820 and 03821) over the standard warning decal (Part No. 120-1683).

Installing the Hood Latch (CE Only)

Parts needed for this procedure:

Lock bracket1
Rivet2
Washer1
Screw (1/4 x 2 inches)1
Locknut (1/4 inch)1
  1. Unhook the hood latch from the hood-latch bracket.

  2. Remove the 2 rivets securing the hood-latch bracket to the hood (Figure 15) and remove the hood-latch bracket from the hood.

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  3. While aligning the mounting holes, position the CE lock bracket and the hood-latch bracket onto the hood.

    Note: The lock bracket must be against the hood (Figure 16). Do not remove the bolt and nut from the lock-bracket arm.

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  4. Align the washers with the holes on the inside of the hood.

  5. Rivet the brackets and the washers to the hood (Figure 16).

  6. Hook the latch onto the hood-latch bracket (Figure 17).

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  7. Screw the bolt into the other arm of the hood-lock bracket to lock the latch in position (Figure 18).

    Note: Tighten the bolt securely but do not tighten the nut.

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Reducing the Tire Pressure

The tires are overinflated at the factory for shipping purposes. Reduce the pressure to the proper levels before starting the machine; refer to Checking the Tire Pressure.

Using the Cutting-Unit Kickstand

Parts needed for this procedure:

Cutting-unit kickstand1

Whenever you tip a cutting unit to expose the bedknife/reel, prop up the rear of the cutting unit with the kickstand to ensure that the nuts on the back end of the bedbar adjusting screws are not resting on the work surface (Figure 19).

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Secure the kickstand to the chain bracket with the snapper pin (Figure 20).

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Product Overview

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Traction Pedals

Press the forward traction pedal (Figure 22) to move forward. Press reverse traction pedal (Figure 22) to move backward or to assist in stopping when moving forward. Also, allow the pedal to move or move it to the NEUTRAL position to stop the machine.

Mow/Transport Slide

Using your heel, move the mow/transport slide (Figure 22) to the left to transport and to the right to mow. The cutting units will only operate in the MOW position and not lower in the TRANSPORT position.

Important: The mow speed is set at the factory to 9.7 km/h (6 mph). It can be increased or decreased by adjusting the speed stop screw (Figure 23).

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Tilt-Steering Lever

Pull the tilt-steering lever (Figure 22) back to tilt the steering wheel to the desired position. Then push the lever forward to secure the position.

Ignition Switch

The ignition switch (Figure 24), used to start, shut off, and preheat the engine, has 3 positions: OFF, ON/PREHEAT, and START. Rotate the key to the ON/PREHEAT position until the glow-plug indicator light goes out (approximately 7 seconds); then rotate the key to the START position to engage the starter motor. Release the key when the engine starts. The key moves automatically to the ON/RUN position. To shut off the engine, rotate the key to the OFF position. Remove the key from the switch to prevent accidental starting.

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Throttle

Move the throttle (Figure 24) forward to increase the engine speed and rearward to decrease the engine speed.

Enable/Disable Switch

Use the enable/disable switch (Figure 24) in conjunction with the lower mow/raise control lever to operate the cutting units. You cannot lower the cutting units when the mow/transport lever is in the TRANSPORT position.

Hour Meter

The hour meter (Figure 24) indicates the total hours of machine operation. It starts to function whenever the key switch is on.

Lower Mow/Raise Control Lever

This lever (Figure 24) raises and lowers the cutting units and also starts and stops the reels when the reels are enabled in the mow mode. You cannot lower the cutting units when the mow/transport lever is in the TRANSPORT position.

Note: When the cutting units are enabled, you do not need to hold the lever in the forward position while the cutting units are lowered or raised.

Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Light

The temperature warning light (Figure 24) glows if the engine coolant temperature is high. At this temperature, the cutting units are disabled. If the coolant temperature rises another 5.5° C (10° F), the engine shuts off to prevent further damage.

Oil-Pressure Warning Light

The oil-pressure warning light (Figure 24) glows if the engine oil pressure drops below a safe level.

Alternator Light

The alternator light (Figure 24) should be off when the engine is running. If it is on, check the charging system and repair it as necessary.

Glow-Plug Indicator

The glow-plug indicator light (Figure 24) glows when the glow plugs are operating.

Parking Brake

Whenever the engine is shut off, engage the parking brake (Figure 24) to prevent accidental movement of the machine. To engage the parking brake, pull up on the lever. The engine stops when you press the traction pedal with the parking brake engaged.

Diagnostic Light

The diagnostic light (Figure 24) will illuminate if the system recognizes a system fault.

Fuel Gauge

The fuel gauge (Figure 25) indicates the amount of fuel in the tank.

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Power Point

The power point, located on the outside of the control panel, is a 12 V power supply for electronic devices (Figure 26).

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Reel Speed Control Knob

The reel speed control controls the speed of the cutting units (Figure 27). The reel speed increases as you turn the knob counterclockwise. Refer to the reel speed chart decal (Figure 31), to determine the proper reel speed.

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Backlap Lever

Use the backlap lever in conjunction with the lower mow/raise control lever for the reels (Figure 27).

Note: Specifications and design are subject to change without notice.

DimensionsReelmaster 3550Reelmaster 3555Reelmaster 3575
Width of Cut208 cm (82 inches)254 cm (100 inches)254 cm (100 inches)
Overall Width 239 cm (94 inches)284 cm (112 inches)284 cm (112 inches)
Transport Width231 cm (91 inches) 231 cm (91 inches) 231 cm (91 inches)
Overall Length295 cm (110 inches)267 cm (105 inches)267 cm (105 inches)
Height to top of ROPS188 cm (74 inches)201 cm (79 inches)206 cm (81 inches)
Wheel Base151 cm (59.5 inches)152 cm (60 inches)152 cm (60 inches)
Weight (configured)900 kg (1985 lb)1034 kg (2280 lb)1157 kg (2550 lb)
Weight (no cutting units)708 kg (1560 lb)751 kg (1655 lb)796 kg (1755 lb)

Attachments/Accessories

A selection of Toro approved attachments and accessories is available for use with the machine to enhance and expand its capabilities. Contact your Authorized Service Dealer or authorized Toro distributor or go to www.Toro.com for a list of all approved attachments and accessories.

To ensure optimum performance and continued safety certification of the machine, use only genuine Toro replacement parts and accessories. Replacement parts and accessories made by other manufacturers could be dangerous, and such use could void the product warranty.

Operation

Before Operation

Before Operation Safety

General Safety

  • Never allow children or untrained people to operate or service the machine. Local regulations may restrict the age of the operator. The owner is responsible for training all operators and mechanics.

  • Become familiar with the safe operation of the equipment, operator controls, and safety signs.

  • Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all movement to stop before you leave the operator’s position. Allow the machine to cool before adjusting, servicing, cleaning, or storing it.

  • Know how to stop the machine and shut off the engine quickly.

  • Do not operate the machine without all guards and other safety protective devices in place and functioning properly on the machine.

  • Before mowing, always inspect the machine to ensure that the cutting units are in good working condition.

  • Inspect the area where you will use the machine and remove all objects that the machine could throw.

Fuel Safety

  • Use extreme care in handling fuel. It is flammable and its vapors are explosive.

  • Extinguish all cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and other sources of ignition.

  • Use only an approved fuel container.

  • Do not remove the fuel cap or fill the fuel tank while the engine is running or hot.

  • Do not add or drain fuel in an enclosed space.

  • Do not store the machine or fuel container where there is an open flame, spark, or pilot light, such as on a water heater or other appliance.

  • If you spill fuel, do not attempt to start the engine; avoid creating any source of ignition until the fuel vapors have dissipated.

Performing Daily Maintenance

Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
Before each use or daily
  • Inspect the seat belt(s) for wear, cuts, and other damage. Replace the seat belt(s) if any component does not operate properly.
  • Before starting the machine each day, perform the Each Use/Daily procedures listed in .

    Checking the Parking Brake

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Before each use or daily
  • Check the parking brake.
    1. Start the engine, raise the cutting units, disengage the parking brake, and move the machine to an open flat area.

    2. Engage the parking brake (Figure 28).

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    3. Press the traction pedal to move the machine forward.

      Note: If the machine moves forward with the parking brake engaged, adjust parking brake; refer to Adjusting the Parking Brake.

      Note: Moving the machine forward with the parking brake engaged will cause the engine to shutoff.

    4. If you adjusted the parking brake, repeat steps 2 and 3.

      Note: If the machine moves forward with the parking brake engaged: service the parking brakes, check left and right brake linkage for damage, and check the brake lever pivot for damage; refer to Servicing the Parking Brakes.

    5. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operator’s seat.

    Filling the Fuel Tank

    Use only clean, fresh diesel fuel or biodiesel fuels with low (<500 ppm) or ultra-low (<15 ppm) sulfur content. The minimum cetane rating should be 40. Purchase fuel in quantities that can be used within 180 days to ensure fuel freshness.

    The fuel tank capacity is approximately 42 L (11 US gallons).

    Use summer-grade diesel fuel (Number 2-D) at temperatures above -7°C (20°F) and winter-grade diesel fuel (Number 1-D or Number 1-D/2-D blend) below -7°C (20°F). Using winter-grade fuel at lower temperatures provides lower flash point and cold flow characteristics which will ease starting and reduce plugging of the fuel filter.

    Using summer-grade fuel above -7°C (20°F) will contribute toward longer fuel-pump life and increased power compared to winter-grade fuel.

    The machine is biodiesel ready.

    This machine can also use a biodiesel blended fuel of up to B20 (20% biodiesel, 80% petrodiesel). The petrodiesel portion should be low or ultra-low sulfur. Observe the following precautions:

    • The biodiesel portion of the fuel must meet specification ASTM D6751 or EN14214.

    • The blended fuel composition should meet ASTM D975 or EN590.

    • Painted surfaces may be damaged by biodiesel blends.

    • Use B5 (biodiesel content of 5%) or lesser blends in cold weather.

    • Monitor seals, hoses, and gaskets in contact with fuel as they may degrade over time.

    • Expect plugging of the fuel filter for a time after converting to biodiesel blends.

    • Contact your authorized Toro distributor if you wish for more information on biodiesel.

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Clean the area around the fuel-tank cap (Figure 29).

    3. Remove the fuel-tank cap.

    4. Fill the tank to the bottom of the filler neck. Do not overfill the tank.

    5. Install the cap.

    6. To prevent a fire hazard, wipe up any fuel that may have spilled.

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    Adjusting the Seat

    Changing the Seat Position

    The seat can move forward and backward. Position the seat where you have the best control of the machine and are most comfortable.

    1. Move the lever sideways to unlock the seat (Figure 30).

    2. Slide the seat to the desired position and release the lever to lock it in position.

    Changing the Seat Suspension

    You can adjust the seat to provide a smooth and comfortable ride. Position the seat where you are most comfortable.

    To adjust it, turn the front knob in either direction to provide the best comfort (Figure 30).

    Changing the Back Position

    You can adjust the back of the seat to provide a comfortable ride. Position the back of the seat where it is most comfortable.

    To adjust it, turn the knob under the right armrest, in either direction, to provide the best comfort (Figure 30).

    Changing the Armrest Position

    You can adjust the armrests to provide a comfortable ride. Position the armrests where they are most comfortable.

    Raise the armrest and turn the knob, in either direction, to provide the best comfort (Figure 30).

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    During Operation

    During Operation Safety

    General Safety

    • The owner/operator can prevent and is responsible for accidents that may cause personal injury or property damage.

    • Wear appropriate clothing, including eye protection; long pants; substantial, slip-resistant footwear; and hearing protection. Tie back long hair and do not wear loose clothing or loose jewelry.

    • Do not operate the machine while ill, tired, or under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

    • Use your full attention while operating the machine. Do not engage in any activity that causes distractions; otherwise, injury or property damage may occur.

    • Before you start the engine, ensure that all drives are in neutral, the parking brake is engaged, and you are in the operating position.

    • Do not carry passengers on the machine and keep bystanders and children out of the operating area.

    • Operate the machine only in good visibility to avoid holes or hidden hazards.

    • Avoid mowing on wet grass. Reduced traction could cause the machine to slide.

    • Keep your hands and feet away from the cutting units.

    • Look behind and down before backing up to be sure of a clear path.

    • Use care when approaching blind corners, shrubs, trees, or other objects that may obscure your vision.

    • Stop the cutting units whenever you are not mowing.

    • Slow down and use caution when making turns and crossing roads and sidewalks with the machine. Always yield the right-of-way.

    • Operate the engine only in well-ventilated areas. Exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide, which is lethal if inhaled.

    • Do not leave a running machine unattended.

    • Before you leave the operator’s position, do the following:

      • Park the machine on a level surface.

      • Disengage the cutting unit(s) and lower the attachments.

      • Engage the parking brake.

      • Shut off the engine and remove the key.

      • Wait for all movement to stop.

    • Operate the machine only in good visibility and appropriate weather conditions. Do not operate the machine when there is the risk of lightning.

    Rollover Protection System (ROPS) Safety

    • Do not remove any of the ROPS components from the machine.

    • Ensure that the seat belt is attached and that you can release it quickly in an emergency.

    • Always wear your seat belt.

    • Check carefully for overhead obstructions and do not contact them.

    • Keep the ROPS in safe operating condition by thoroughly inspecting it periodically for damage and keeping all the mounting fasteners tight.

    • Replace all damaged ROPS components. Do not repair or alter them.

    Slope Safety

    • Slopes are a major factor related to loss of control and rollover accidents, which can result in severe injury or death. You are responsible for safe slope operation. Operating the machine on any slope requires extra caution.

    • Evaluate the site conditions to determine if the slope is safe for machine operation, including surveying the site. Always use common sense and good judgment when performing this survey.

    • Review the slope instructions, listed below, for operating the machine on slopes. Before you operate the machine, review the site conditions to determine whether you can operate the machine in the conditions on that day and at that site. Changes in the terrain can result in a change in slope operation for the machine.

      • Avoid starting, stopping, or turning the machine on slopes. Avoid making sudden changes in speed or direction. Make turns slowly and gradually.

      • Do not operate a machine under any conditions where traction, steering, or stability is in question.

      • Remove or mark obstructions such as ditches, holes, ruts, bumps, rocks, or other hidden hazards. Tall grass can hide obstructions. Uneven terrain could overturn the machine.

      • Be aware that operating the machine on wet grass, across slopes, or downhill may cause the machine to lose traction.

      • Use extreme caution when operating the machine near drop-offs, ditches, embankments, water hazards, or other hazards. The machine could suddenly roll over if a wheel goes over the edge or the edge caves in. Establish a safety area between the machine and any hazard.

      • Identify hazards at the base of the slope. If there are hazards, mow the slope with a pedestrian-controlled machine.

      • If possible, keep the cutting units lowered to the ground while operating on slopes. Raising the cutting units while operating on slopes can cause the machine to become unstable.

    Starting the Engine

    You may need to bleed the fuel system if any of the following situations have occurred; refer to Bleeding the Fuel System:

    • Initial startup of a new engine

    • The engine has ceased running due to lack of fuel.

    • Maintenance has been performed upon the fuel system components; i.e. filter replaced, etc.

    1. Ensure that the parking brake is engaged and the cutting unit drive switch is in the DISENGAGE position.

    2. Remove your foot from the traction pedal and ensure that the pedal is in the NEUTRAL position.

    3. Move the throttle lever to the 1/2 throttle position.

    4. Insert the key into the switch and rotate it to the ON/PREHEAT position until the glow-plug indicator light goes out (approximately 7 seconds); then rotate the key to the START position to engage the starter motor.

      Note: Release the key when the engine starts. The key will move automatically to the ON/RUN position.

      Important: To prevent overheating of the starter motor, do not engage the starter for longer than 15 seconds. After 10 seconds of continuous cranking, wait 60 seconds before engaging the starter motor again.

    5. When the engine is started for the first time or after an overhaul of the engine, operate the machine in forward and reverse for 1 to 2 minutes. Also operate the lift lever and cutting unit drive switch to ensure proper operation of all parts.

      Turn the steering wheel to the left and right to check steering response; then shut off the engine and check for oil leaks, loose parts, and any other noticeable malfunctions.

      Caution

      Contact with moving parts could result in injury.

      Shut off the engine and wait for all moving parts to stop before checking for oil leaks, loose parts, and other malfunctions.

    Shutting Off the Engine

    1. Move the throttle control to the IDLE position.

    2. Move the cutting unit drive switch to DISENGAGE.

    3. Rotate the key to OFF.

    4. Remove the key to prevent accidental starting.

    Setting the Reel Speed

    To achieve a consistent, high quality of cut and a uniform after-cut appearance, it is important that you set the reel speed controls (located under the seat) correctly. Adjust the reel speed controls as follows:

    1. Select the height of cut at which the cutting units are set.

    2. Choose the desired ground speed best suited for conditions.

    3. Use the graph on the reel speed chart decals (Figure 31 and Figure 32), to determine the proper reel speed setting.

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    4. To set the reel speed, rotate the knob (Figure 33) until the indicator arrow is in line with the number designating the desired setting.

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      Note: The reel speed can be increased or decreased to compensate for turf conditions. When using baskets, increase the reel speed to improve collection performance.

    Adjusting the Lift-Arm Counterbalance

    You can adjust the counterbalance on the lift arms of the rear cutting units to compensate for different turf conditions and to maintain a uniform height of cut in rough conditions or in areas of thatch buildup.

    You can adjust each counterbalance spring to 1 of 4 settings. Each increment increases or decreases counterbalance on the cutting unit by 2.3 kg (5 lb). You can position the springs on the back side of the first spring actuator to remove all counterbalance (fourth position).

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Insert a tube or similar object onto the long spring end to relieve the spring tension during the adjustment (Figure 34).

      Caution

      The springs are under tension and could cause personal injury.

      Use caution when adjusting them.

    3. While relieving the spring tension, remove the bolt and locknut securing the spring actuator to the bracket (Figure 34).

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    4. Move the spring actuator to the desired hole location and secure it with the bolt and the locknut.

    5. Repeat the procedure on the remaining spring.

    Bleeding the Fuel System

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key.

    2. Ensure that the fuel tank is at least half full.

    3. Unlatch and raise the hood.

    4. Open the air-bleed screw on the fuel-injection pump (Figure 35).

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    5. Turn the key in the ignition switch to the ON position. The electric fuel pump will begin operation, thereby forcing air out around the air-bleed screw.

      Note: Leave the key in the ON position until a solid stream of fuel flows out around the screw.

    6. Tighten the screw and turn the ignition key to OFF.

    Note: Normally the engine should start after the above bleeding procedures are followed. However, if the engine does not start, air may be trapped between the injection pump and injectors; refer to Bleeding Air from the Injectors.

    Understanding the Diagnostic Light

    The machine is equipped with a diagnostic light that indicates if the electronic controller senses an electronic malfunction. The diagnostic light is located on the control panel (Figure 36). When the electronic controller is functioning correctly and you move the key switch to the ON position, the controller diagnostic light turns on for 3 seconds and turn off to indicate that the light is working properly. If the engine shuts off, then the light turns on steady until the you change key position. The light blinks if the controller detects a malfunction in the electrical system. The light stops blinking and automatically resets when you turn the key switch to the OFF position once the fault has been resolved.

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    When the controller diagnostic light blinks, 1 of the following problems has been detected by the controller:

    • An output has been shorted.

    • An output is open circuited.

    Using the diagnostic display, determine which output is malfunctioning; refer to Checking the Interlock Switches.

    If the diagnostic light is not illuminated when the key switch is in the ON position, this indicates that the electronic controller is not operating. Possible causes are as follows:

    • The loop-back is not connected.

    • The light is burned out.

    • Fuses are blown.

    • It is not functioning correctly.

      Check the electrical connections, input fuses, and diagnostic light bulb to determine the malfunction. Ensure that the loop-back connector is secured to the wire harness connector.

    Understanding the Diagnostic ACE Display

    The machine is equipped with an electronic controller which controls most machine functions. The controller determines what function is required for various input switches (i.e., seat switch, key switch, etc.) and turns on the outputs to actuate solenoids or relays for the requested machine function.

    For the electronic controller to control the machine as desired, each of the input switches, output solenoids, and relays must be connected and functioning properly.

    Use the Diagnostic ACE display to help verify and correct electrical functions of the machine.

    Checking the Interlock Switches

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Before each use or daily
  • Check the interlock system.
  • The purpose of the interlock switches is to prevent the engine from cranking or starting unless the traction pedal is in the NEUTRAL position, the Enable/Disable switch is in the DISABLE position, and the Lower Mow/Raise control is in the NEUTRAL position. In addition, the engine should shut off when you press the traction pedal with no one in the seat or if the parking brake is engaged.

    Caution

    If safety interlock switches are disconnected or damaged, the machine could operate unexpectedly, causing personal injury.

    • Do not tamper with the interlock switches.

    • Check the operation of the interlock switches daily and replace any damaged switches before operating the machine.

    Verifying the Interlock Switch Function

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, and shut off the engine.

    2. Remove the cover from the control panel.

    3. Locate the wire harness and loop-back connector (Figure 37).

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    4. Carefully unplug the loop-back connector from the harness connector.

    5. Connect the Diagnostic ACE display connector to the harness connector (Figure 38).

      Note: Ensure that the correct overlay decal is positioned on the Diagnostic ACE display.

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    6. Turn the key switch to the ON position, but do not start the machine.

      Note: The red text on the overlay decal refers to input switches and the green text refers to outputs.

    7. The “inputs displayed” LED, on the lower right column of the Diagnostic ACE, should be illuminated. If the “outputs displayed” LED is illuminated, press the toggle button, on Diagnostic ACE, to change LED to “inputs displayed.”

      The Diagnostic ACE illuminates the LED associated with each of the inputs when that input switch is closed.

    8. Individually, change each of the switches from open to closed (i.e., sit on the seat, engage the traction pedal, etc.), and note that the appropriate LED on the Diagnostic ACE blinks on and off when the corresponding switch is closed. Repeat this for all switches that you can change by hand.

    9. If a switch is closed and the appropriate LED does not turn on, check all wiring and connections to the switch and/or check the switches with an ohm meter or multimeter. Replace any malfunctioning switches and repair any malfunctioning wiring.

      Note: The Diagnostic ACE also has the ability to detect which output solenoids or relays are turned on. This is a quick way to determine if a machine malfunction is electrical or hydraulic.

    Verifying Output Function

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key.

    2. Remove the access panel from the side of the control arm.

    3. Locate the wire harness and connectors near the controller.

    4. Carefully unplug the loop-back connector from the harness connector.

    5. Connect the Diagnostic ACE connector to the harness connector.

      Note: Make sure that the correct overlay decal is positioned on the Diagnostic ACE.

    6. Turn the key switch to the ON position, but do not start the machine.

      Note: The red text on the overlay decal refers to input switches and the green text refers to outputs.

    7. The “outputs displayed” LED, on lower right column of Diagnostic ACE, should be illuminated. If the “inputs displayed” LED is illuminated, press the toggle button, on the Diagnostic ACE, to change the LED to “outputs displayed”.

      Note: It may be necessary to toggle between “inputs displayed” and “outputs displayed” several times to do the following step. To toggle back and forth, press the toggle button once. This may be done as often as required. Do not hold the button.

    8. Sit on the seat and attempt to operate the desired function of the machine. The appropriate output LEDs should illuminate to indicate that the ECM is turning on that function.

      Note: If the correct output LEDs do not illuminate, verify that the required input switches are in the necessary positions to allow that function to occur. Verify correct switch function. If the output LEDs are on as specified, but the machine does not function properly, this indicates a non-electrical problem. Repair as necessary.

      Note: If each output switch is in the correct position and functioning correctly, but the output LEDs are not correctly illuminated, this indicates an ECM problem. If this occurs, contact your authorized Toro distributor for assistance.

      Important: The Diagnostic ACE display must not be left connected to the machine. It is not designed to withstand the environment of the everyday use of the machine. When you are finished using the Diagnostic ACE, disconnect it from the machine and connect the loop-back connector to the harness connector. The machine does not operate without the loop-back connector installed on the harness. Store the Diagnostic ACE in a dry, secure location in the shop, not on the machine.

    Operating Tips

    Becoming Familiar with the Machine

    Before mowing grass, practice operating the machine in an open area. Start and shut off the engine. Operate in forward and reverse. Lower and raise the cutting units and engage and disengage the cutting units. When you feel familiar with the machine, practice operating up and down slopes at different speeds.

    Understanding the Warning System

    If a warning light comes on during operation, stop the machine immediately and correct the problem before continuing operation. Serious damage could occur if you operate the machine with a malfunction.

    Mowing Grass

    Start the engine and move the throttle to the FAST position. Move the Enable/Disable switch to the ENABLE position and use the Lower Mow/Raise lever to control the cutting units (the front cutting units are timed to lower before the rear cutting units). To move forward and cut grass, press the traction pedal forward.

    Driving the Machine in Transport Mode

    Move the Enable/Disable switch to the DISABLE position and raise the cutting units to the transport position. Move the Mow/Transport lever to the TRANSPORT position. Be careful when driving between objects so that you do not accidentally damage the machine or the cutting units. Use extra care when operating the machine on slopes. Drive slowly and avoid sharp turns on slopes to prevent rollovers.

    After Operation

    After Operation Safety

    General Safety

    • Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all movement to stop before you leave the operator’s position. Allow the machine to cool before adjusting, servicing, cleaning, or storing it.

    • Clean grass and debris from the cutting units, drives, mufflers, cooling screens, and engine compartment to help prevent fires. Clean up oil or fuel spills.

    • Disengage the drive to the attachment whenever you are hauling or not using the machine.

    • Maintain and clean the seat belt(s) as necessary.

    • Do not store the machine or fuel container where there is an open flame, spark, or pilot light, such as on a water heater or on other appliances.

    Pushing or Towing the Machine

    In an emergency, you can move the machine by actuating the bypass valve in the variable displacement hydraulic pump and installing a hydraulic hose to bypass the check valve, and then pushing or towing the machine.

    Important: Do not push or tow the machine faster than 3 to 4.8 km/h (2 to 3 mph) or for more than 0.4 km (1/4 mile), because internal transmission damage may occur. The bypass valve must be open whenever you push or tow the machine. Additionally, you need to install a hydraulic hose to bypass the check valve whenever you push or tow the machine in reverse.

    If you need to push or tow your machine, you will likely need to move it both forward and in reverse. To ensure that the drive system does not become damaged from pushing or towing, it is best to prepare the machine for both forward and reverse pushing or towing.

    Preparing the Machine for Pushing or Towing in Reverse

    Important: If you need to push or tow the machine in reverse, you must first bypass the check valve in the 4-wheel-drive manifold.

    The following Toro parts are needed to bypass the check valve:

    • Toro Part No. 59-7410, diagnostic fitting

    • Toro Part No. 354-79, diagnostic-fitting cap

    • Toro Part No. 95-8843, hydraulic hose

    • Toro Part No. 95-0985, coupler fitting (2)

    • Toro Part No. 340-77, hydraulic fitting (2)

    1. Install a diagnostic fitting in the unmarked port located between ports M8 and P2 on the rear traction manifold (Figure 39).

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    2. Connect a hydraulic hose between the diagnostic fitting installed in the rear traction manifold and the reverse traction pressure test port (Figure 40).

      Note: Use the hydraulic fittings and coupler fittings as needed to install the hose.

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    3. Rotate the bypass valve 90° (1/4 turn) in either direction to open it and allow fluid to bypass internally (Figure 41).

      Note: Because the fluid bypasses the transmission, you can move the machine slowly without damaging the transmission.Note the position of the valve when opening and closing it.

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    4. When you are finished pushing or towing the machine, remove the hydraulic hose that you installed.

    5. Install the existing cap onto the reverse traction pressure test port.

    6. Install the diagnostic-fitting cap onto the fitting that you installed on the manifold.

    7. Rotate the bypass valve 90° (1/4 turn) back before starting the engine.

      Note: Do not exceed 7 to 11 N∙m (5 to 8 ft-lb) torque to close the valve.

    Pushing or Towing the Machine Forward Only

    If you need to push or tow the machine forward only, you can just rotate the bypass valve.

    Important: If you need to push or tow the machine in reverse, refer to Preparing the Machine for Pushing or Towing in Reverse.

    1. Open the hood and remove the center shroud.

    2. Rotate the bypass valve 90° (1/4 turn) in either direction to open it and allow fluid to bypass internally (Figure 41).

      Note: Because the fluid bypasses the transmission, you can move the machine forward slowly without damaging the transmission.Note the position of the valve when opening and closing it.

    3. Rotate the bypass valve 90° (1/4 turn) back before starting the engine.

      Note: Do not exceed 7 to 11 N∙m (5 to 8 ft-lb) torque to close the valve.

    Hauling the Machine

    • Use full-width ramps for loading the machine onto a trailer or truck.

    • Tie the machine down securely.

    Identifying the Tie-Down Points

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    Maintenance

    Note: Determine the left and right sides of the machine from the normal operating position.

    Note: Download a free copy of the electrical or hydraulic schematic by visiting www.Toro.com and searching for your machine from the Manuals link on the home page.

    Important: Refer to your engine owner’s manual and cutting unit Operator's Manual for additional maintenance procedures.

    Maintenance Safety

    • Before you leave the operator’s position, do the following:

      • Park the machine on a level surface.

      • Disengage the cutting unit(s) and lower the attachments.

      • Engage the parking brake.

      • Shut off the engine and remove the key.

      • Wait for all movement to stop.

    • Allow machine components to cool before performing maintenance.

    • If possible, do not perform maintenance while the engine is running. Keep away from moving parts.

    • Support the machine with jack stands whenever you work under the machine.

    • Carefully release pressure from components with stored energy.

    • Keep all parts of the machine in good working condition and all hardware tightened.

    • Replace all worn or damaged decals.

    • To ensure safe, optimal performance of the machine, use only genuine Toro replacement parts. Replacement parts made by other manufacturers could be dangerous, and such use could void the product warranty.

    Recommended Maintenance Schedule(s)

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    After the first hour
  • Torque the wheel nuts.
  • After the first 10 hours
  • Torque the wheel nuts.
  • Check the condition and tension of all belts.
  • After the first 50 hours
  • Change the oil and oil filter.
  • Before each use or daily
  • Inspect the seat belt(s) for wear, cuts, and other damage. Replace the seat belt(s) if any component does not operate properly.
  • Check the parking brake.
  • Check the interlock system.
  • Check the engine-oil level.
  • Drain the water separator.
  • Check the tire pressure.
  • Check the engine-coolant level.
  • Clean debris off of the radiator.
  • Check the hydraulic lines and hoses.
  • Check the level of the hydraulic fluid.
  • Check the reel-to-bedknife contact.
  • Every 25 hours
  • Check the electrolyte level(if machine is in storage, check every 30 days).
  • Every 50 hours
  • Lubricate all bearings and bushings(daily when conditions are dusty and dirty).
  • Every 100 hours
  • Check the condition and tension of all belts.
  • Every 150 hours
  • Change the oil and oil filter.
  • Every 200 hours
  • Service the air cleaner (more frequently in extremely dusty or dirty conditions).
  • Torque the wheel nuts.
  • Check the adjustment of the parking brake.
  • Every 400 hours
  • Check the fuel lines and connections.
  • Replace the fuel filter canister.
  • Service the parking brakes.
  • Every 800 hours
  • If you are not using the recommended hydraulic fluid or have ever filled the reservoir with an alternative fluid, change the hydraulic fluid.
  • If you are not using the recommended hydraulic fluid or have ever filled the reservoir with an alternative fluid, replace the hydraulic filter.
  • Every 1,000 hours
  • If you are using the recommended hydraulic fluid, replace the hydraulic filter.
  • Every 2,000 hours
  • If you are using the recommended hydraulic fluid, change the hydraulic fluid.
  • Every 2 years
  • Drain and clean the fuel tank.
  • Pre-Maintenance Procedures

    Removing the Hood

    1. Unlatch and raise the hood.

    2. Remove the hairpin cotter securing the hood pivot to the mounting brackets (Figure 43).

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    3. Slide the hood to the right side, lift the other side, and pull it out of the brackets.

    Note: Reverse the procedure to install the hood.

    Removing the Battery Cover

    Loosen the knobs and remove the battery cover (Figure 44).

    Note: Refer to Servicing the Battery for more information.

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    Lubrication

    Greasing the Bearings and Bushings

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Every 50 hours
  • Lubricate all bearings and bushings(daily when conditions are dusty and dirty).
  • Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    Lubricate the grease fittings regularly with No. 2 lithium grease. Lubricate the bearings and bushings daily when operating conditions are extremely dusty and dirty. Dusty and dirty operating conditions could cause dirt to get into the bearings and bushings, resulting in accelerated wear. Lubricate the grease fittings immediately after every washing, regardless of the interval specified.

    The grease fitting locations and quantities are as follows:

    • Steering pivot (Figure 45)

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    • Front lift-arm pivots and lift cylinders (3 each); refer to Figure 46.

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    • Rear lift-arm pivots and lift cylinders (3 each side); refer to Figure 47.

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    • Cutting unit pivots (2 each); refer to Figure 48.

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    • Neutral adjust mechanism (Figure 49)

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    • Mow/transport slide (Figure 50)

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    • Belt tension pivot (Figure 51)

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    Engine Maintenance

    Engine Safety

    • Shut off the engine before checking the oil or adding oil to the crankcase.

    • Do not change the governor speed or overspeed the engine.

    Checking the Engine-Oil Level

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Before each use or daily
  • Check the engine-oil level.
  • The engine is shipped with oil in the crankcase; however, the oil level must be checked before and after the engine is first started.

    Crankcase capacity is approximately 3.8 L (4 US qt) with the filter.

    Use high-quality engine oil that meets the following specifications:

    • API Classification Level Required: CH-4, CI-4 or higher.

    • Preferred oil: SAE 15W-40 (above 0ºF (-17ºC))

    • Alternate oil: SAE 10W-30 or 5W-30 (all temperatures)

    Note: Toro Premium Engine Oil is available from your distributor in either 15W-40 or 10W-30 viscosity.

    Note: The best time to check the engine oil is when the engine is cool before it has been started for the day. If it has already been run, allow the oil to drain back down to the sump for at least 10 minutes before checking. If the oil level is at or below the Add mark on the dipstick, add oil to bring the oil level to the Full mark. Do not overfill the engine. If the oil level is between the Full and Add marks, no oil addition is required.

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key.

    2. Remove the dipstick (Figure 52) and wipe it with a clean rag.

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    3. Push the dipstick down into the dipstick tube and make sure that it is seated fully. Pull the dipstick out and check the oil level.

    4. If the oil level is low, remove the oil-fill cap (Figure 53) and gradually add small quantities of oil, checking the level frequently, until the level reaches the Full mark on the dipstick.

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    5. Install the oil-fill cap and close the hood.

    Servicing the Air Cleaner

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Every 200 hours
  • Service the air cleaner (more frequently in extremely dusty or dirty conditions).
    • Check the air-cleaner body for damage which could cause an air leak. Replace it if it is damaged. Check the whole intake system for leaks, damage, or loose hose clamps.

    • Service the air cleaner at the recommended service interval or earlier if engine performance suffers due to extremely dusty, dirty conditions. Changing the air filter before it is necessary only increases the chance of dirt entering the engine when you remove the filter.

    • Be sure that the cover is seated correctly and seals with the air-cleaner body.

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key.

    2. Release the latches securing the air-cleaner cover to the air-cleaner body (Figure 54).

    3. Remove the cover from the air-cleaner body (Figure 54).

    4. Before removing the filter, use low-pressure air (276 kPa [40 psi], clean and dry) to help remove large accumulations of debris packed between outside of primary filter and the canister.

      Note: Avoid using high-pressure air, which could force dirt through the filter into the intake tract. This cleaning process prevents debris from migrating into the intake when you remove the primary filter.

    5. Remove and replace the filter (Figure 54).

      Do not clean the used element because it could damage the filter media.

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    6. Inspect the new filter for shipping damage, checking the sealing end of the filter and the body.

      Important: Do not use a damaged element.

    7. Insert the new filter by applying pressure to the outer rim of the element to seat it in the canister.

      Important: Do not apply pressure to the flexible center of the filter.

    8. Clean the dirt-ejection port located in the removable cover.

    9. Remove the rubber outlet valve from the cover, clean the cavity and replace the outlet valve.

    10. Install the cover orienting the rubber outlet valve in a downward position—between approximately 5 o’clock to 7 o’clock when viewed from the end.

    11. Secure the cover latches.

    Changing the Engine Oil and Filter

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    After the first 50 hours
  • Change the oil and oil filter.
  • Every 150 hours
  • Change the oil and oil filter.
    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key.

    2. Remove either drain plug (Figure 55) and let the oil flow into a drain pan. When the oil stops flowing, install the drain plug.

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    3. Remove the oil filter (Figure 56).

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    4. Apply a light coat of clean oil to the new filter seal, and install the filter.

      Important: Do not overtighten the filter.

    5. Add oil to the crankcase; refer to Checking the Engine-Oil Level.

    Fuel System Maintenance

    Servicing the Fuel Tank

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Every 2 years
  • Drain and clean the fuel tank.
  • Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key.

    Drain and clean the tank if the fuel system becomes contaminated or if the machine will be stored for an extended period of time. Use clean fuel to flush out the tank.

    Inspecting the Fuel Lines and Connections

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Every 400 hours
  • Check the fuel lines and connections.
  • Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    Inspect the fuel lines and connections for deterioration, damage, or loose connections.

    Draining the Water Separator

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Before each use or daily
  • Drain the water separator.
    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Place a clean container under the fuel filter.

    3. Loosen the drain valve on the bottom of the filter canister (Figure 57).

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    4. Tighten the valve after draining.

    Changing the Fuel Filter Canister

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Every 400 hours
  • Replace the fuel filter canister.
    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Clean the area where the filter canister mounts (Figure 57).

    3. Remove the filter canister and clean the mounting surface.

    4. Lubricate the gasket on the filter canister with clean oil.

    5. Install the filter canister by hand until the gasket contacts the mounting surface; then rotate it an additional 1/2 turn.

    Bleeding Air from the Injectors

    Note: Use this procedure only if the fuel system has been purged of air through normal priming procedures and the engine does not start; refer to Bleeding the Fuel System.

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, and shut off the engine.

    2. Loosen the pipe connection to the No. 1 nozzle and holder assembly.

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    3. Move the throttle to the FAST position.

    4. Turn the key in the key switch to the START position and watch the fuel flow around the connector. Turn the key to the OFF position when there is a continuous flow.

    5. Tighten the pipe connector securely.

    6. Repeat the procedure on the remaining nozzles.

    Electrical System Maintenance

    Electrical System Safety

    • Disconnect the battery before repairing the machine. Disconnect the negative terminal first and the positive last. Connect the positive terminal first and the negative last.

    • Charge the battery in an open, well-ventilated area, away from sparks and flames. Unplug the charger before connecting or disconnecting the battery. Wear protective clothing and use insulated tools.

    Servicing the Battery

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Every 25 hours
  • Check the electrolyte level(if machine is in storage, check every 30 days).
  • Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    Maintain the battery electrolyte level and keep the top of the battery clean. Store the machine where the temperature is cooler rather than warmer to prevent the battery from discharging more rapidly.

    Maintain the cell level with distilled or demineralized water. Do not fill the cells above the bottom of the split ring inside each cell. Install the filler caps with the vents pointing to the rear (toward the fuel tank).

    Danger

    Battery electrolyte contains sulfuric acid which is fatal if consumed and causes severe burns.

    • Do not drink electrolyte and avoid contact with skin, eyes, or clothing. Wear eye protection to shield your eyes and rubber gloves to protect your hands.

    • Fill the battery where clean water is always available for flushing the skin.

    Keep the top of the battery clean by washing it periodically with a brush dipped in ammonia or bicarbonate of soda solution. Flush the top surface with water after cleaning. Do not remove the filler caps while cleaning.

    The battery cables must be tight on the terminals to provide good electrical contact.

    Warning

    Incorrect battery cable routing could damage the tractor and cables causing sparks. Sparks can cause the battery gasses to explode, resulting in personal injury.

    • Always disconnect the negative (black) battery cable before disconnecting the positive (red) cable.

    • Always connect the positive (red) battery cable before connecting the negative (black) cable.

    If corrosion occurs at the terminals, disconnect the cables, negative (–) cable first, and scrape the clamps and terminals separately. Connect the cables, positive (+) cable first, and coat the terminals with petroleum jelly.

    Checking the Fuses

    The fuses in the electrical system are located under the control panel.

    Drive System Maintenance

    Checking the Tire Pressure

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Before each use or daily
  • Check the tire pressure.
  • The tires are over-inflated for shipping. Therefore, release some of the air to reduce the pressure. The correct air pressure in the tires is 83 kPa (12 psi).

    Note: Maintain the recommended pressure in all tires to ensure a good quality of cut and proper machine performance.

    Danger

    Low tire pressure decreases machine side hill stability. This could cause a rollover, which may result in personal injury or death.

    Do not under-inflate the tires.

    Torquing the Wheel Nuts

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    After the first hour
  • Torque the wheel nuts.
  • After the first 10 hours
  • Torque the wheel nuts.
  • Every 200 hours
  • Torque the wheel nuts.
  • Torque the wheel nuts to 103 to 127 N∙m (76 to 94 ft-lb).

    Warning

    Failure to maintain proper torque of the wheel nuts could result in personal injury.

    Maintain proper torque of the wheel nuts.

    Adjusting the Traction Drive for Neutral

    If the machine moves when the traction pedal is in the NEUTRAL position, adjust the traction cam.

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Raise a front wheel and a rear wheel off the floor and place support blocks under the frame.

      Warning

      If the machine is not supported adequately, it may accidentally fall, injuring anyone under the machine.

      A front wheel and a rear wheel must be raised off the ground; otherwise, the machine will move during adjustment.

    3. Loosen the locknut on the traction adjustment cam (Figure 59).

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      Warning

      The engine must be running so that you can make a final adjustment of the traction adjustment cam. Contact with hot or moving parts can result in personal injury.

      Keep your hands, feet, face, and other body parts away from the muffler, other hot parts of the engine, and rotating parts.

    4. Start the engine and rotate the cam hex in both directions to determine the mid position of the neutral span.

    5. Tighten the locknut securing the adjustment.

    6. Shut off the engine.

    7. Remove the support blocks and lower the machine to the shop floor. Test drive the machine to ensure that it does not move when the traction pedal is in neutral.

    Cooling System Maintenance

    Cooling System Safety

    • Swallowing engine coolant can cause poisoning; keep out of reach from children and pets.

    • Discharge of hot, pressurized coolant or touching a hot radiator and surrounding parts can cause severe burns.

      • Always allow the engine to cool at least 15 minutes before removing the radiator cap.

      • Use a rag when opening the radiator cap, and open the cap slowly to allow steam to escape.

    Checking the Cooling System

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Before each use or daily
  • Check the engine-coolant level.
  • Clean debris off the radiator daily (Figure 60). Clean the radiator hourly if conditions are extremely dusty and dirty; refer to Cleaning the Engine Cooling System.

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    The cooling system is filled with a 50/50 solution of water and permanent ethylene glycol antifreeze. Check the coolant level at the beginning of each day before starting the engine.

    The capacity of the cooling system is approximately 5.7 L (6 US qt).

    Caution

    If the engine has been running, the pressurized, hot coolant can escape and cause burns.

    • Do not open the radiator cap when the engine is running.

    • Use a rag when opening the radiator cap, and open the cap slowly to allow steam to escape.

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key.

    2. Check the coolant level in the expansion tank (Figure 61). With a cold engine, the coolant level should be approximately midway between the marks on the side of the tank.

    3. If the coolant level is low, remove the expansion-tank cap and replenish the system. Do not overfill the tank.

    4. Install the expansion-tank cap.

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    Cleaning the Engine Cooling System

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Before each use or daily
  • Clean debris off of the radiator.
  • Remove debris from the radiator daily. Clean it more frequently in dirty conditions.

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Raise the hood.

    3. Clean the engine area thoroughly of all debris.

    4. Clean both sides of the radiator thoroughly with compressed air (Figure 62).

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    5. Close the hood.

    Brake Maintenance

    Adjusting the Parking Brake

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Every 200 hours
  • Check the adjustment of the parking brake.
    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Loosen the setscrew securing the knob to the parking-brake lever (Figure 63).

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    3. Rotate the knob until a force of 133 to 178 N (30 to 40 lb) is required to actuate the lever.

    4. Tighten the setscrew after the adjustment has been attained.

    Servicing the Parking Brakes

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Every 400 hours
  • Service the parking brakes.
  • Preparing the Machine

    1. Park machine on a level surface, engage parking brake, lower cutting units, shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operator’s seat.

    2. Raise the front of machine.

    3. Support the machine with jack stands rated for the weight of your machine; refer to Specifications.

    4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 at the other side of the machine.

    Removing the Front Wheels

    1. Remove the 4 lug nuts that secure the front wheel to the hub, and remove the wheel (Figure 64).

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    2. Repeat step 1 at the other side of the machine.

    Removing the Wheel Hub and Brake Drum

    Special Tools: Wheel Hub Puller—Toro Part No. TOR4097

    1. Remove the locknut that secures the hub to the wheel-motor shaft (Figure 65 or Figure 66).

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    2. Repeat step 1 at the other side of the machine.

    3. Release the parking brake.

    4. Use the specified wheel hub puller to remove wheel hub and brake drum from the wheel-motor shaft (Figure 65 or Figure 66).

    5. Remove woodruff key from the wheel-motor shaft (Figure 67).

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    6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 at the other side of the machine.

    Cleaning the Brake Drum and Shoes

    At both sides of the machine, clean inside the brake drums, the brake shoes, backing plate (Figure 68) , and when installed, the optional grass shield of any grass, dirt, and dust.

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    Inspecting and Lubricating the Brake Cam Shaft

    1. At the inboard side of the brake-backing plate (machines without the optional wheel-rim grass shield) or the wheel shield (machines with the optional wheel-rim grass shield), spray penetrating oil between the brake cam shaft and the backing plate (Figure 69 or Figure 70).

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    2. Move the parking brake lever up and down to check that the lever for the brake-cam lever moves freely (Figure 71).

      Note: If the brake cam binds, repair or replace the brake cam; refer to the Service Manual for your machine.

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    3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 at the other side of the machine.

    4. Move the parking brake lever down (the disengaged position).

    Inspecting the Brake Linkage

    1. Inspect the left and right brake-rod assemblies (Figure 72) for damage and wear.

      Note: If the brake rod parts are damaged and worn, replace them; refer to the Service Manual for your machine.

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    2. Inspect the brake pivot shaft (Figure 72) for damage and wear.

      If the pivot shaft is damaged and worn, replace them; refer to the Service Manual for your machine.

    Installing the Wheel Hub and Brake Drum

    1. Thoroughly clean the wheel hub and hydraulic motor shaft.

    2. Insert the woodruff key into the groove of the wheel-motor shaft (Figure 73).

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    3. Assemble the wheel hub and brake drum onto the wheel-motor shaft (Figure 74 or Figure 75).

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    4. Secure the wheel hub to the shaft with the locknut (Figure 74 or Figure 75), and tighten by hand.

      Note: The brake shoes and backing plate must concentrically align with the brake drum. If the shoes, plate, and drum are misaligned, refer to the Service Manual for your machine.

    5. Repeat steps 1 through 4 at the other side of the machine.

    Installing the Wheel

    1. Assemble the wheel to the hub with the 4 lug nuts (Figure 76), and tighten the lug nuts by hand.

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    2. Repeat step 1 at the other side of the machine.

    3. Remove the jack stands and lower the machine.

    4. Torque wheel lug nuts to 95 to 122∙Nm (70 to 90 ft-lb) in a crossing pattern.

    5. Torque the locknut is to 339 to 372 N∙m (250 to 275 ft-lb).

    6. Check parking brake and adjust it if necessary; refer to Checking the Parking Brake.

    Belt Maintenance

    Servicing the Engine Belts

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    After the first 10 hours
  • Check the condition and tension of all belts.
  • Every 100 hours
  • Check the condition and tension of all belts.
  • Tensioning the Alternator/Fan Belt

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Open the hood.

    3. Check the belt tension by pressing the belt midway between the alternator and crankshaft pulleys.

      Note: With 98 N (22 lb) of force, the belt should deflect 11 mm (7/16 inch).

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    4. If the deflection is incorrect, complete the following procedure to tension the belt:

      1. Loosen the bolt securing the brace to the engine and the bolt securing the alternator to the brace.

      2. Insert a pry bar between the alternator and engine and pry the alternator outward.

      3. When the proper tension is achieved, tighten the alternator and brace bolts to secure the adjustment.

    Replacing the Hydrostat Drive Belt

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Insert a nut driver or small piece of tubing onto the end of the belt tensioning spring.

      Warning

      The spring is under a heavy load and could cause personal injury

      Use caution when de-tensioning the spring.

    3. Push down and forward on the spring end (Figure 78) to unhook it from the bracket and release tension on the spring.

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    4. Replace the belt.

    5. Reverse the procedure to tension the spring.

    Controls System Maintenance

    Adjusting the Throttle

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Position the throttle lever rearward so that it stops against the control panel slot.

    3. Loosen the throttle cable connector on the injection pump lever arm (Figure 79).

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    4. Hold the injection pump lever arm against the low idle stop and tighten the cable connector.

    5. Loosen the screws securing the throttle control to the control panel.

    6. Push the throttle control lever all of the way forward.

    7. Slide the stop plate until it contacts the throttle lever and tighten the screws securing the throttle control to the control panel.

    8. If the throttle does not stay in position during operation, torque the locknut, used to set the friction device on the throttle lever, to 5 to 6 N∙m (44 to 53 in-lb).

      Note: The maximum force required to operate the throttle lever should be 89 N (20 lb).

    Hydraulic System Maintenance

    Hydraulic System Safety

    • Seek immediate medical attention if fluid is injected into skin. Injected fluid must be surgically removed within a few hours by a doctor.

    • Ensure that all hydraulic-fluid hoses and lines are in good condition and all hydraulic connections and fittings are tight before applying pressure to the hydraulic system.

    • Keep your body and hands away from pinhole leaks or nozzles that eject high-pressure hydraulic fluid.

    • Use cardboard or paper to find hydraulic leaks.

    • Safely relieve all pressure in the hydraulic system before performing any work on the hydraulic system.

    Checking the Hydraulic Lines and Hoses

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Before each use or daily
  • Check the hydraulic lines and hoses.
  • Check the hydraulic lines and hoses for leaks, kinked lines, loose mounting supports, wear, loose fittings, weather deterioration, and chemical deterioration. Make all necessary repairs before operating.

    Checking the Hydraulic Fluid

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Before each use or daily
  • Check the level of the hydraulic fluid.
  • The reservoir is filled at the factory with high-quality hydraulic fluid. The best time to check the hydraulic oil is when the fluid is cold. The machine should be in its transport configuration.

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key.

    2. Clean the area around the filler neck and cap of the hydraulic tank (Figure 80).

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    3. Remove the cap.

    4. Remove the dipstick from the filler neck and wipe it with a clean rag. Insert the dipstick into the filler neck; then remove it and check the fluid level. The fluid level should be within 6 mm (1/4 inch) of the mark on the dipstick.

    5. If the level is low, add the appropriate fluid to raise the level to the full mark.

    6. Install the dipstick and cap onto the filler neck.

    Hydraulic Fluid Specifications

    The reservoir is filled at the factory with high-quality hydraulic fluid. Check the level of the hydraulic fluid before you first start the engine and daily thereafter; refer to Checking the Hydraulic Fluid.

    Recommended hydraulic fluid: Toro PX Extended Life Hydraulic Fluid; available in 19 L (5 US gallon) pails or 208 L (55 US gallon) drums.

    Note: A machine using the recommended replacement fluid requires less frequent fluid and filter changes.

    Alternative hydraulic fluids: If Toro PX Extended Life Hydraulic Fluid is not available, you may use another conventional, petroleum-based hydraulic fluid having specifications that fall within the listed range for all the following material properties and that it meets industry standards. Do not use synthetic fluid. Consult with your lubricant distributor to identify a satisfactory product.

    Note: Toro does not assume responsibility for damage caused by improper substitutions, so use products only from reputable manufacturers who will stand behind their recommendation.

    High Viscosity Index/Low Pour Point Anti-wear Hydraulic Fluid, ISO VG 46

    Material Properties: 
     Viscosity, ASTM D445cSt @ 40°C (104°F) 44 to 48
     Viscosity Index ASTM D2270140 or higher
     Pour Point, ASTM D97-37°C to -45°C (-34°F to -49°F)
     Industry Specifications:Eaton Vickers 694 (I-286-S, M-2950-S/35VQ25 or M-2952-S)

    Note: Many hydraulic fluids are almost colorless, making it difficult to spot leaks. A red dye additive for the hydraulic fluid is available in 20 ml (0.67 fl oz) bottles. A bottle is sufficient for 15 to 22 L (4 to 6 US gallons) of hydraulic fluid. Order Part No. 44-2500 from your authorized Toro distributor.

    Important: Toro Premium Synthetic Biodegradable Hydraulic Fluid is the only synthetic biodegradable fluid approved by Toro. This fluid is compatible with the elastomers used in Toro hydraulic systems and is suitable for a wide-range of temperature conditions. This fluid is compatible with conventional mineral oils, but for maximum biodegradability and performance, the hydraulic system should be thoroughly flushed of conventional fluid. The oil is available in 19 L (5 US gallon) pails or 208 L (55 US gallon) drums from your authorized Toro distributor.

    Hydraulic Fluid Capacity

    22.7 L (6 US gallons); refer to Hydraulic Fluid Specifications

    Changing the Hydraulic Fluid

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Every 800 hours
  • If you are not using the recommended hydraulic fluid or have ever filled the reservoir with an alternative fluid, change the hydraulic fluid.
  • Every 2,000 hours
  • If you are using the recommended hydraulic fluid, change the hydraulic fluid.
  • Warning

    Hot hydraulic fluid can cause severe burns.

    Allow the hydraulic fluid to cool before performing any maintenance to the hydraulic system.

    If the fluid becomes contaminated, contact your local Toro distributor because the system must be flushed. Contaminated fluid looks milky or black when compared to clean oil.

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Disconnect the large hydraulic hose (Figure 81) from the reservoir and let the hydraulic fluid flow into a drain pan.

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    3. Install the hydraulic hose when hydraulic fluid stops draining.

    4. Fill the reservoir (Figure 82) with approximately 22.7 L (6 US gallons) of hydraulic fluid; refer to Hydraulic Fluid Specifications.

      Important: Use only the hydraulic fluids specified. Other fluids could cause system damage.

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    5. Install the reservoir cap. Start the engine and use all of the hydraulic controls to distribute the hydraulic fluid throughout the system.

    6. Check for leaks; then shut off the engine.

    7. Check the fluid level and add enough to raise the level to Full mark on the dipstick.

      Important: Do not overfill the reservoir.

    Changing the Hydraulic Filter

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Every 800 hours
  • If you are not using the recommended hydraulic fluid or have ever filled the reservoir with an alternative fluid, replace the hydraulic filter.
  • Every 1,000 hours
  • If you are using the recommended hydraulic fluid, replace the hydraulic filter.
  • Warning

    Hot hydraulic fluid can cause severe burns.

    Allow the hydraulic fluid to cool before performing any maintenance to the hydraulic system.

    Use a genuine Toro replacement filter, Part No. 86-3010.

    Important: Use of any other filter may void the warranty on some components.

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key from the ignition switch.

    2. Clean around the filter mounting area. Place a drain pan under the filter (Figure 83) and remove the filter.

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    3. Lubricate the new filter gasket and fill the filter with hydraulic fluid.

    4. Ensure that the filter mounting area is clean. Screw the filter on until the gasket contacts the mounting plate; then tighten the filter 1/2 turn.

    5. Start the engine and let it run for about 2 minutes to purge air from the system. Shut off the engine and check for leaks.

    Cutting Unit System Maintenance

    Blade Safety

    A worn or damaged blade or bedknife can break, and a piece could be thrown toward you or bystanders, resulting in serious personal injury or death.

    • Inspect the blades and bedknives periodically for excessive wear or damage.

    • Use care when checking the blades. Wear gloves and use caution when servicing them. Only replace or backlap the blades and bedknives; never straighten or weld them.

    • On machines with multiple cutting units, take care when rotating a cutting unit; it can cause the reels in the other cutting units to rotate.

    Checking the Reel-to-Bedknife Contact

    Maintenance Service IntervalMaintenance Procedure
    Before each use or daily
  • Check the reel-to-bedknife contact.
  • Each day before operating, check the reel-to-bedknife contact, regardless of whether the quality of cut had previously been acceptable. There must be light contact across the full length of the reel and the bedknife (refer to Adjusting the Reel to Bedknife in the cutting unit Operator's Manual).

    Using the Optional Gauge Bar

    Use the gauge bar (Figure 84) to adjust the cutting unit. Refer to the cutting unit Operator's Manual for the adjustment procedure.

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    Backlapping the Cutting Units

    Warning

    Contact with the cutting units or other moving parts can result in personal injury.

    • Keep your fingers, hands, and clothing away from the cutting units and other moving parts.

    • Never attempt to turn the cutting units by hand or foot while the engine is running.

    Note: When backlapping, all the cutting units operate together.

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and move the Enable/Disable switch to the DISABLE position.

    2. Raise the floor panel to expose the controls.

    3. Make the initial reel-to-bedknife adjustments appropriate for backlapping; refer to the cutting unit Operator's Manual.

    4. Start the engine and allow it to run at low idle speed.

      Danger

      Changing the engine speed while backlapping may cause the cutting units to stall.

      • Never change the engine speed while backlapping

      • Backlap only at idle engine speed.

    5. Set the reel speed control to position 1 (Figure 85).

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    6. Move the backlap lever to the R (backlap) position (Figure 85).

      Danger

      Contacting the cutting units when they are moving could cause personal injury.

      To avoid personal injury, be certain that you are clear of the cutting units before proceeding.

    7. With the Mow/Transport lever in the MOW position, move the Enable/Disable switch to the ENABLE position. Move the Lower Mow/Lift control forward to start the backlapping operation on the designated cutting units.

    8. Apply lapping compound with a long-handle brush. Never use a short-handled brush.

    9. If the cutting units stall or become erratic while backlapping, select a higher reel speed setting until the speed stabilizes, then return the reel speed to setting 1 or to your desired speed.

    10. To make an adjustment to the cutting units while backlapping, turn the cutting units off by moving the Lower Mow/Raise lever rearward; the Enable/Disable switch to the DISABLE position, and shut off the engine. After completing the adjustments, repeat steps 5 through 9.

    11. Repeat the procedure for all the cutting units that you want to backlap.

    12. When you are finished, return the backlap lever to the MOW position, lower the floor panel, and wash all lapping compound off of the cutting units. Adjust the cutting unit reel-to-bedknife contact as needed. Move the cutting unit reel speed control to the desired mowing position.

      Important: If the backlap switch is not returned to the F (MOW) position after backlapping, the cutting units will not raise or function properly.

      Note: For a better cutting edge, run a file across the front face of the bedknife after lapping. This removes any burrs or rough edges that may have built up on the cutting edge.

    Cleaning

    Washing the Machine

    Wash the machine as needed using water alone or with a mild detergent. You may use a rag when washing the machine.

    Important: Do not use brackish or reclaimed water to clean the machine.

    Important: Do not use power-washing equipment to wash the machine. Power-washing equipment may damage the electrical system, loosen important decals, or wash away necessary grease at friction points. Avoid excessive use of water near the control panel, engine, and battery.

    Important: Do not wash the machine with the engine running. Washing the machine with the engine running may result in internal engine damage.

    Storage

    Storage Safety

    • Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all movement to stop before you leave the operator’s position. Allow the machine to cool before adjusting, servicing, cleaning, or storing it.

    • Do not store the machine or fuel container where there is an open flame, spark, or pilot light, such as on a water heater or other appliance.

    Preparing the Traction Unit

    1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the cutting units, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key.

    2. Thoroughly clean the traction unit, cutting units, and the engine.

    3. Check the tire pressure; refer to Checking the Tire Pressure.

    4. Check all fasteners for looseness; tighten them as necessary.

    5. Grease or oil all grease fittings and pivot points. Wipe up any excess lubricant.

    6. Lightly sand and use touch-up paint on painted areas that are scratched, chipped, or rusted. Repair any dents in the metal body.

    7. Service the battery and cables as follows; refer to Electrical System Safety:

      1. Remove the battery terminals from the battery posts.

      2. Clean the battery, terminals, and posts with a wire brush and baking-soda solution.

      3. Coat the cable terminals and battery posts with Grafo 112X skin-over grease (Toro Part No. 505-47) or petroleum jelly to prevent corrosion.

      4. Slowly charge the battery every 60 days for 24 hours to prevent lead sulfation of the battery.

    Preparing the Engine

    1. Drain the engine oil from the oil pan and install the drain plug.

    2. Remove and discard the oil filter. Install a new oil filter.

    3. Fill the engine with specified motor oil.

    4. Start the engine and run it at idle speed for approximately 2 minutes.

    5. Shut off the engine and remove the key.

    6. Flush the fuel tank with fresh, clean fuel.

    7. Secure all of the fuel-system fittings.

    8. Thoroughly clean and service the air-cleaner assembly.

    9. Seal the air-cleaner inlet and the exhaust outlet with weatherproof tape.

    10. Check the antifreeze protection and add a 50/50 solution of water and ethylene glycol antifreeze as needed for the expected minimum temperature in your area.