Commercial Walk-Behind Traction Unit

Before starting the machine each day, perform the Each Use/Daily procedures listed in .

Always engage the parking brake when you stop the machine or leave it unattended.

Engaging the Parking Brake

Figure 5

Disengaging the Parking Brake

Figure 6

1. Connect the wires to the spark plugs.

2. Open the fuel valve.

3. Disengage the blade-control knob (PTO) and move the speed-control lever to the NEUTRAL position.

4. Move the drive levers to the NEUTRAL position and engage the neutral locks.

5. Engage the parking brake.

6. Turn the key to the RUN position (Figure 4).

7. Move the throttle control midway between the FAST and SLOW positions.

   Note: If the engine is warm, move the throttle control to the FAST position.

8. Engage the choke.

   Note: A warm or hot engine usually does not require any choking.

9. Turn the key to the START position to energize the starter. When the engine starts, release the key.

   Important: Do not engage the starter for more than 5 seconds at a time. If the engine fails to start, allow for a 15 second cool-down period between attempts. Failure to follow these instructions can burn out the starter motor.

10. As the engine warms up, disengage the choke and move the throttle control to the FAST position.

Important: In an emergency, you can shut off the engine immediately by turning the key to the OFF position.

1. Park the machine on a level surface.

2. Move the drive levers to the NEUTRAL position and engage the neutral locks.

3. Move the throttle lever to the SLOW (Figure 7).

4. Disengage the blade-control knob (PTO) and move the speed-control lever to the NEUTRAL position.

5. Let the engine idle for 30 to 60 seconds

6. Turn the key to the OFF position.

7. Engage the parking brake and remove the key.

   Important: Close the fuel-shutoff valve before transporting or the storing the machine to prevent fuel leakage.

   

   Figure 7

   1. Throttle lever
   2. Key switch
   3. Choke

Always engage the neutral locks when you stop the machine. Engage the parking brake if you leave the machine unattended.

The blade-control switch (PTO), used in conjunction with the operator-presence control, engages and disengages power to the mower blades.

The throttle control regulates the engine speed (rpm). Move the throttle control to the FAST position for the best mowing performance.

Always engage the neutral lock and parking brake when you stop the machine.

1. Squeeze the drive levers to the NEUTRAL position.

2. Engage the neutral locks. Refer to Engaging the Neutral Locks.

3. Move the speed-control lever to the NEUTRAL position.

Refer to the Operator’s Manual for the mower deck.

The bypass valves allow you to push the machine by hand without the engine running.

Important: Always push the machine by hand. Never tow the machine, because hydraulic damage may occur.

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. Open the bypass valves by turning them counterclockwise 1 to 2 turns (Figure 12).

   Note: This allows hydraulic fluid to bypass the pumps and the wheels to turn.

   

   Figure 12

   1. Hydraulic pump
   2. Bypass valve

4. Disengage the parking brake.

5. Push the machine to the desired location.

6. Engage the parking brake.

7. Close the bypass valves, but do not overtighten them.

   Note: Rotate the bypass valves a maximum of 2 turns so that the valve does not come out of the body, causing fluid to run out.

   Important: Do not start or operate the machine with the bypass valves open. Damage to the system may occur.

Use a heavy-duty trailer or truck to transport the machine. Ensure that the trailer or truck has all necessary lighting and marking as required by law. Please carefully read all the safety instructions. Knowing this information could help you, your family, pets or bystanders avoid injury.

1. Secure a trailer to towing vehicle with safety chains.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. Securely fasten the machine to the trailer or truck with straps, chains, cable, or ropes.

Grease the machine more often in dirty or dusty conditions.

Grease Type: No. 2 lithium or molybdenum grease

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the blade-control switch (PTO), and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. Clean the grease fittings with a rag.

   Note: Scrape any paint off the front of the fitting(s).

4. Pump grease into the fittings until grease begins to ooze out of the bearings.

5. Wipe up any excess grease.

Figure 13

1. Pump-drive idler arm
2. Pump control arm

Note: Service the air cleaner more frequently (every few operating hours) if the operating conditions are extremely dusty or sandy.

Important: Do not apply oil to the foam or paper element.

Note: Change the oil more frequently when the operating conditions are extremely dusty or sandy.

Engine-Oil Specifications

Engine-Oil Type: Detergent oil (API service SF, SG, SH, SJ, or SL)

Crankcase Capacity: 1.7 L (58 oz) with the filter removed; 1.5 L (51 oz) without the filter removed

Viscosity: Refer to the table (Figure 15).

Figure 15

Checking the Engine-Oil Level

Maintenance Service Interval	Maintenance Procedure
Before each use or daily	Check the engine-oil level.

Note: Check the oil when the engine is cold.

Important: If you overfill or underfill the engine crankcase with oil and run the engine, you may damage the engine.

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

   Note: Ensure that the engine is cool so that the oil has had time to drain into the sump.

3. To keep dirt, grass clippings, etc., out of the engine, clean the area around the oil-fill cap and dipstick before removing it (Figure 16).

Figure 16

Ensure that the air gap between the center and side electrodes is correct before installing the spark plug. Use a spark plug wrench for removing and installing the spark plug and a gapping tool or feeler gauge to check and adjust the air gap. Install a new spark plug if necessary.

Type of Spark Plug: NGK^® BPR4ES or equivalent

Air Gap: 0.75 mm (0.03 inch)

Checking the Spark Plug

Important: Do not clean the spark plug(s). Always replace the spark plug(s) when it has a black coating, worn electrodes, an oily film, or cracks.

If you see light brown or gray on the insulator, the engine is operating properly. A black coating on the insulator usually means the air cleaner is dirty.

Set the gap to 0.75 mm (0.03 inch).

Figure 21

Installing the Spark Plug

Figure 22

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. Close the fuel-shutoff valve at the fuel tank (Figure 23).

4. Squeeze the ends of the hose clamp together and slide it up the fuel line away from the fuel filter (Figure 23).

5. Pull the fuel line off the fuel filter (Figure 23).

6. Open the fuel-shutoff valve and allow the fuel to drain into a fuel container or drain pan.

   Note: Replace the fuel filter, if needed; refer to Replacing the Fuel Filter.

7. Install the fuel line to the fuel filter. Slide the hose clamp close to the valve to secure the fuel line.

   

   Figure 23

   1. Fuel filter
   2. Clamp
   3. Fuel-shutoff valve

8. Wipe up any spilled fuel.

Important: Never install a dirty filter if it is removed from the fuel line.

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. Close the fuel-shutoff valve.

4. Replace the filter as shown in Figure 24.

   Note: Ensure that the flow-direction arrow on the replacement filter points toward the engine.

   

   Figure 24

5. Open the fuel-shutoff valve.

6. Check for fuel leaks and repair, if needed.

7. Wipe up any spilled fuel.

Always keep the battery clean and fully charged. Use a paper towel to clean the battery case. If the battery terminals are corroded, clean them with a solution of four parts water and 1 part baking soda. Apply a light coating of grease to the battery terminals to prevent corrosion.

Voltage: 12 V

Installing the Battery

Install the battery as shown in Figure 27.

Figure 27

The electrical system is protected by fuses. It requires no maintenance. If a fuse blows, check the component or circuit for a malfunction or short.

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. Pull out the fuse and replace it.

   

   Figure 28

   1. Fuse (30 A)
   2. Fuse (25 A)

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. Move the speed-control lever to the fully FORWARD position.

4. Check the orientation of the tabs on the ends of the speed-control crank.

   The tabs should point straight down at the 6 o'clock position (approximately) as shown in Figure 29.

5. Adjust the threaded yoke at the bottom of the speed-control linkage until the tabs are at the 6 o'clock position (Figure 29).

   

   Figure 29

   1. Yoke
   2. Jam nut
   3. Speed-control crank
   4. Speed-control rod
   5. Tabs
   6. Tabs—3 o’clock position
   7. Tabs—6 o’clock position
   8. Tabs—9 o’clock position
   9. Tabs—12 o’clock position

6. Move the speed-control lever to the NEUTRAL position.

7. Ensure that the safety switch is pressed and there is a 8 mm (5/16 inch) space between the actuating tab and switch (Figure 30).

8. If needed, adjust the switch location to create the 8 mm (5/16 inch) space (Figure 30).

   

   Figure 30

   1. Actuating tab
   2. 8 mm (5/16 inch) space
   3. Safety switch

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. Raise the rear of the machine on to jack stands to raise the drive wheels off the ground.

4. Disengage the parking brake.

5. Start the engine and move the throttle to the FAST position.

6. Place the neutral locks in the full forward position and move the speed-control lever to the medium speed position.

7. Hold the OPC levers down.

   Note: Hold the OPC levers down whenever the speed-control lever is out of the NEUTRAL position; otherwise, the engine shuts off.

   Warning

   The electrical system does not perform proper safety shut off with the operator-presence control (OPC) levers held down.

   • Ensure that the OPC levers are working when the adjustment is completed.

   • Never operate the machine with the OPC levers held down.

8. Squeeze 1 drive lever until you feel an increase in resistance.

   This is where neutral should be.

   Note: Ensure that you have not reached the end of the neutral-lock slot. If you have, shorten the control-lever linkage; refer to Adjusting the Control Rod.

9. If the wheel turns while holding the drive lever in the NEUTRAL position, the neutral-control linkages need to be adjusted (Figure 31).

   If the wheel stops, proceed to step 12.

10. Loosen the nut against the neutral-control linkage yoke (Figure 31).

11. Adjust the neutral-control linkage until the respective drive wheel stops while the drive lever is pulled against the neutral spring (NEUTRAL position) as shown in Figure 31.

12. Turn the adjusting bolt approximately 1/4 turn clockwise if the wheel is turning in reverse. Turn the bolt approximately 1/4 turn counterclockwise if the wheel is turning forward (Figure 31).

13. Release the drive lever to the FORWARD drive position and squeeze back into the NEUTRAL position.

14. Check if the wheel stops. If not, repeat the adjustment procedure.

15. After the adjustments are made, tighten the nuts against the yokes.

16. Repeat this procedure for the opposite side.

    

    Figure 31

    1. Neutral-control linkage
    2. Yoke
    3. Adjusting bolt
    4. Nut

If the machine does not track straight, adjustment is required.

1. Remove the machine from the jack stands.

2. Check the rear tire pressure; refer to Checking the Tire Pressure.

3. Run the machine and observe the tracking on a level, smooth, hard surface, such as concrete or asphalt.

4. If the machine tracks to either side, turn the quick-track knob. Turn the knob right to steer right and turn the knob left to steer left (Figure 38).

   

   Figure 38

   1. Quick-track knob

For medium-duty or heavy-duty drive conditions, such as operating with a sulky on steep slopes, a higher spring force may be required on the hydro-pump control arms to prevent the drive system from stalling.

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. For a heavier drive setting, relocate the spring-anchor links to either the medium-duty or heavy-duty positions (Figure 39).

   Note: The spring-anchor links are attached to the upper, rear corner of the hydro-drive shields on the left and right sides of the machine.

   Note: In the medium-duty or heavy-duty positions, the drive lever forces at the upper handle will also be increased.

   

   Figure 39

   1. Spring anchor
   2. Standard setting
   3. Medium-duty setting
   4. Heavy-duty setting

Maintain the air pressure in the rear tires as specified. Check the pressure at the valve stem (Figure 40).

Rear Tire Pressure: 103 kPa (15 psi)

Figure 40

Remove any buildup of grass, dirt, or other debris from the cylinder and cylinder head cooling fins, the air-intake screen on the flywheel end, and the carburetor-governor levers and linkage. This helps ensure adequate cooling and correct engine speed to reduce the possibility of overheating or mechanical damage to the engine.

Replace the belt if it is worn. The signs of a worn belt include squealing while the belt is rotating; the blades slipping while cutting grass; and frayed edges, burn marks, and cracks on the belt.

Hydraulic-Fluid Type: Toro® HYPR-OIL™ 500 hydraulic fluid or Mobil® 1 15W-50

Hydraulic-Fluid Capacity: 2.3 L (2.4 US qt)

Important: Use the specified fluid only. Other fluids could cause system damage.

Note: You can check the oil when the fluid is warm or cold. The baffle inside the tank has 2 levels depending on the temperature.

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. Clean the area around the cap and filler neck of the hydraulic tank (Figure 42).

   

   Figure 42

   1. Cap
   2. Baffle
   3. Cold fluid level—full
   4. Hot fluid level—full

4. Remove the cap from the filler neck. Look inside to check if there is fluid in the reservoir (Figure 42).

5. If there is no fluid, add fluid to the reservoir until it reaches the cold level of the baffle.

6. Run the machine at low idle for 15 minutes to allow any air to purge out of the system and warm the fluid.

7. Check the fluid level while the fluid is warm. If required, add fluid to the reservoir until it reaches the hot level of the baffle.

   Note: The fluid level should be to the top of the hot level of the baffle when the fluid is warm (Figure 42).

8. Install the cap on the filler neck.

Important: Do not substitute an automotive oil filter; otherwise, severe hydraulic system damage may result.

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. Remove the hydraulic-reservoir cap and temporarily cover the opening with a plastic bag and a rubber band to prevent all of the hydraulic fluid from draining out.

4. Locate the hydraulic filter under the engine base and place a drain pan under the filter (Figure 43).

   

   Figure 43

   1. Hydraulic filter
   2. Gasket
   3. Adapter

5. Remove the old filter and wipe the filter-adapter gasket surface clean (Figure 43).

6. Apply a thin coat of hydraulic fluid to the rubber gasket on the new filter.

7. Install replacement hydraulic filter onto the filter adapter. Do not tighten.

8. Remove the plastic bag from the reservoir opening and allow the filter to fill with hydraulic fluid.

9. When the hydraulic filter is full, turn the hydraulic filter clockwise until the rubber gasket contacts the filter adapter; then, tighten the filter an additional 1/2 turn (Figure 43).

10. Clean up any spilled fluid.

11. If there is no fluid, add fluid to approximately 6 mm (1/4 inch) below the top of the reservoir baffle; refer to Hydraulic-Fluid Specifications.

12. Start the engine and let it run for about 2 minutes to purge any air from the system. Shut off the engine and check for leaks. If 1 or both wheels do not drive, refer to Bleeding the Hydraulic System.

13. Check the level and add fluid, if required. Do not overfill.

The traction system is self-bleeding; however, it may be necessary to bleed the system if you change the fluid or after work is performed on the system.

Purge the air from the hydraulic system when any hydraulic components, including the hydraulic filter, are removed or any of the hydraulic lines are disconnected. The critical area for purging air from the hydraulic system is between the fluid reservoir and each charge pump located on the top of each variable-displacement pump. Air in other parts of the hydraulic system purge through normal operation once the charge pump is primed.

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position.

3. Raise the rear of the machine up with jack stands high enough to raise the drive wheels off the ground.

4. Check the hydraulic-fluid level.

5. Start the engine and move the throttle control to the FAST position. Move the speed-control lever midway between the FAST and SLOW positions and place the drive levers into the DRIVE position.

   Note: If either drive wheel does not rotate, it is possible to assist the purging of the charge pump by carefully rotating the tire in the forward direction.

   Important: It is necessary to lightly touch the charge-pump cap with your hand to check the pump temperature. If the cap is too hot to touch, shut off the engine. The pumps may be damaged if the pump becomes too hot. If either drive wheel still does not rotate, continue to the next step.

   

   Figure 44

   1. Charge-pump cap
   2. Socket-head capscrew

6. Thoroughly clean the area around each of the charge-pump housings.

7. Prime the charge pump as follows:

   1. Shut off the engine and remove the key.

   2. Loosen the 2 socket-head capscrews (Figure 44) 1-1/2 turns only.

   3. Lift the charge pump housing upward and wait for a steady flow of fluid to flow out from under the housing.

   4. Tighten the capscrews.

   5. Repeat this for both pumps.

   Note: The hydraulic reservoir can be pressurized to up to 34.5 kPa (5 psi) to speed up this process.

8. If either drive wheel still does not rotate, stop and repeat steps 4 and 5 on the respective pump. If the wheels rotate slowly, the system may prime after additional running.

9. Check the hydraulic-fluid level.

10. Allow the machine to run for several minutes after the charge pumps are primed with the drive system in the FAST position.

11. Check the hydraulic-control linkage adjustment; refer to Adjusting the Hydraulic Control Linkages.

Check the hydraulic hoses for leaks, loose fittings, kinked lines, loose mounting supports, wear, and weather and chemical deterioration. Make necessary repairs before operating.

Note: Keep the areas around the hydraulic system clean from grass and debris buildup.

Remove the grass buildup under the mower daily.

1. Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the PTO, and engage the parking brake.

2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and disconnect the spark-plug wires from the spark plugs.

3. Raise the front of the machine using a jack and use jack stands to support the machine.

4. Clean the machine with a rag. Do not spray the machine.

Engine oil, batteries, hydraulic fluid, and engine coolant are pollutants to the environment. Dispose of these according to your state and local regulations.